International Journal of Agricultural Engineering

S. P. Nikam ¹, S. S. Dhanphule ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Agriculture (M.P.K.V.), Dhule M.S., IN
2 Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Dr. U.D. Patil College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Jalgaon M.S., IN

Abstract

Rainfall is one of the most important natural resources for human being in rainfed farming. The crop planning and it success depend upon amount and distribution of rainfall. The rainfall in Jalgaon district is very uncertain, most of the area under rainfed condition. The weekly rainfall data of 30 years (1976-2005) for Belval and Bhusawal stations was collected. The behavior of rainfall, occurrence of dry spell and critical dry spell was worked out by using initial and conditional probability methods. It can be inferred that the initial probabilities >20 mm varied between 60-70 per cent at Belval while at Bhusawal it was 75-80 per cent. The conditional probability (W/W) of both the stations varied between 80-90per cent. At >30mm rainfall initial probabilities varied between 50-60 per cent at both the stations and the conditional probability (W/W) varied between 60-70 per cent at Belval, while at Bhusawal it was in the range of 70-80 per cent. The conditional probability (W/D) varied in between 40-50per cent at Belval and Bhusawal. The dry spells were found 62 at Belval, and 44 at Bhusawal and the critical dry spells were 12 and 9 for Belval and Bhusawal respectively.

Keywords

Rainfall Behavior, Dry Spell, Conditional Probability

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S. P. Nikam ¹, Souvik Acharyya ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, College of Agriculture (M.P.K.V.), Dhule M.S., IN
2 Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, College of Agriculture (M.P.K.V.) Dhule M.S., IN

Abstract

Identification, classification, and monitoring of the earth resources along with detailed topographic information for use in hydrological analysis and modelling can be easily done by using remote sensing. Present study was conducted for selection of watershed outlet, developing the watershed boundary, clipping the watershed from the entire basin and the streamline generation for Torsa river watersheds from SRTM data. Using the ERDAS IMAGINE 8.6 and ArcGIS 9.2 software the delineation was done. A total number of 163959 sinks were found to be present in the DEM data, after sink filling the numbers of sinks were reduced to 6225 that gave continuous stream network. The Torsa river watersheds boundaries were generated from the filled DEM data. Watershed catchment was delineated by superimposing this clipped stream network over watershed boundary image. Satellite imageries, soil data, land use, land cover map etc. can be generated to develop a detailed database for quick reference of the hydrologists working in the region

Keywords

SRTM Data, Geographical Information System, Water-shed Delineation

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S. P. Nikam ¹, P. G. Pophale ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Agriculture, Dhule (M.S.), IN
2 College of Agriculture, Muktainagar, Jalgaon (M.S.), IN

Abstract

The experiment was conducted on farmer’s field at Vivare, Tal-Raver, dist-Jalgaon to study the impact of chemical treatments on clogged drip irrigation system.Total 27 laterals of 12mm diameter having length 25 meters each, on which 20 clogged emitters of 4 l ph discharge were mounted at a spacing of 1.25 m. The discharge of 10 emitters from each lateral was measured at a pressure of 1 kg/cm2 for 5 minutes before treatment. The three types of acid that is hydrochloric acid (35 % conc.), sulphuric acid (98% conc.) and nitric acid (60% conc.) were used for acid treatment. The acid treatment was given at different pH levels viz., 3, 3.5 and 4 pH.It was found that when the pH of water was greater than 7.0, precipitation of salts occurred in the drippers. The water having electrical conductivity 1.45 mmhos/cm when passed through the drip system, most of emitters were clogged. The uniformity co-efficient of drip system before and after acid treatment was 84.03 per cent and 96.20 per cent, respectively. The average percentage reductions in discharge of clogged emitters were observed in between 42.5 per cent to 45 per cent. The average percentage increased in discharge was observed 68.18 per cent when clogged emitter was treated with HC1 (35% cone.) having 3 pH cone. The best chemical treatment of hydrochloric acid (35% cone.) having 3 pH was more effective to water having electrical conductivity 1.45mmhos/cm for obtaining maximum discharge.

Keywords

Drip Irrigation, Clogging, Chemical Treatment, Uniformity Co-Efficient.

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